OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION: STRATEGIES FOR A RESPONSIBLE AND EFFECTIVE INTEGRATION

Abstract

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) has shown rapid progress in the educational field, bringing about a profound transformation in the way knowledge is perceived. Likewise, significant opportunities and challenges emerge from the incorporation of these technologies, which requires a thorough understanding of their implications in educational processes. AI constitutes a tool that provides quick access to information and can foster personalized learning through intelligent tutors and more dynamic digital resources. However, the excessive use of AI in classrooms poses significant risks that must be critically examined, such as the increase in plagiarism and the reduction of interaction between teachers and students, which affects cognitive, social, and moral development. One of the greatest challenges lies in the lack of training in digital competencies and AI ethics, both of which are essential to strengthen students’ critical thinking. Recent research highlights the importance of enhancing the teacher’s role as a digital mediator, fostering awareness of the ethical values and principles that are indispensable for the responsible development and implementation of AI from an ethical, pedagogical, and regulatory perspective. In this regard, theoretical contributions on educational policies emphasize that it is essential to establish regulatory criteria that ensure the responsible use of AI, oriented toward equity, transparency, honesty, and respect, as fundamental conditions for a critical and humanistic integration that contributes to improving educational quality.