THE TRANSFORMATIVE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ON EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Abstract

This article presents a critical synthesis of the multifaceted impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the education sector, analyzing its applications, advances, and the profound repercussions that catalyze new pedagogical methodologies that respond to current transformations and the need for schools to reinvent themselves in response to these changes. Through a qualitative and critical-analytical literature review, allowing for a deep and nuanced interpretation of the background, a structured strategy was employed in search engines such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using key terms such as "Artificial Intelligence in education" and "AI challenges in education." The selection prioritized peer-reviewed sources and reports from international organizations. The analysis focused on thematic axes that allowed for addressing opportunities, challenges, and ethical and regulatory implications surrounding Artificial Intelligence in education. The findings reveal that Artificial Intelligence enhances the personalization and efficiency of learning, but introduces ethical challenges, such as algorithmic biases and data privacy, and socioeconomic challenges, such as the digital divide. This demands a redefinition of the roles of teachers and students toward a critical and ethical approach, and underscores the need for clear policies for equitable and responsible implementation, seeking a humanistically enriching education system.