EN BUSCA DE UNA EDUCACIÓN PERSONALIZADA Y ADAPTATIVA. UN ENSAYO CON VISIÓN ALTERNATIVA DESDE EL INDIVIDUO HASTA LA PERSONA

Abstract

Currently, different fields of knowledge conceive the individual as a system of constant subjective constitution and reconfiguration. From there, education is obliged to look for pertinent measures to adapt to it. From the singularity and social nature of the subject, an educational model must be adapted to turn him/her into a person. In the framework of a student-centered education, the most important advocates use the concept “person- centered”, in education this means considering the particularities of the learner in relation to others and this nature makes education a peculiar theory with different methods and exclusive purposes. The relevance of personalized education has been given, among other aspects, by the rapid technological advancement of information and communication, which has made it necessary to have an education adapted to these new demands that are linked to the new lifestyle and way of learning of the new generations of students. The consolidation of personalized teaching has required an epistemological foundation characterized by the ecological approach, sociocultural theory and humanistic theories, in addition to principles such as diversity, equity, dynamism, adaptation, cognitive variables such as prior knowledge and emotional variables such as intrinsic motivation, among others. Neuroscience has also made its contribution in this regard. It is estimated that personalized education continues to face challenges and access limitations. However, it is necessary to investigate in order to find particular characteristics that allow a better educational formulation. In conclusion, the phenomenological view could contribute its conceptions on the diversity of realities, what each student represents. This vision helps to conceive a personalized education and not a homogeneous or individualistic one.