THE CHALLENGES OF EDUCATION FACING THE ARRIVAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

This scientific essay explores the importance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, highlighting current challenges such as the role of teachers and the need to adapt teaching methods. It examines the pedagogical and ethical challenges arising from its application. To this end, three reports published by UNESCO in the last three years and recent scientific articles (from the last five years) that address the use of AI in education were reviewed.Among the most relevant findings, we identified resistance among some teachers to the incorporation of AI, as well as a lack of specific criteria regarding its ethical use in the classroom. Furthermore, we found widespread concern about the risk of dehumanizing the educational process and the possibility of teaching functions being displaced by smart technologies. From a pedagogical perspective, the article highlights the need to create spaces for teacher reflection that promote a critical appropriation of these tools, recognizing that this type of technology should not be considered a substitute for teaching, but rather a resource that can strengthen processes such as feedback and the development of competencies in various areas of knowledge. It concludes that it is urgent to establish ethical guidelines to guide its responsible implementation, ensuring that technology is integrated in a manner consistent with the principles of an education centered on the human being.